Depression, along with other psychiatric conditions, can be difficult to diagnose due to its complicated nature. Some schools of thought agree that depression is primarily a result of biochemical changes in the brain, while others highlight the value of social and environmental factors. Varying approaches can make it even more difficult to come up with a 100% accurate diagnosis.
However, a recent study has shown the possibility of a swift and convenient diagnosis for depression, almost as easy as a blood test.
This test, which identifies certain molecules in the blood, not only has the capability to determine if a person has clinical depression but can also predict the best therapies for patients.
Eva Redei, Ph.D. and colleagues got the blood samples of 32 individuals diagnosed with depression through a clinical interview, and compared them with the blood samples of 32 individuals without depression. The researchers found that nine RNA markers (molecules that implement the instructions of the DNA) were different between the two groups. They used these markers as the basis for the diagnosis of depression. The patients with depression then underwent 18 weeks of cognitive behavior therapy.
The researchers then re-tested the blood of the 32 individuals and saw stark differences in their RNA markers. They were able to identify which patients responded well to therapy as well.
Meanwhile, three RNA markers appeared to be stable among depressed patients, regardless of their treatment results. The researchers assume that these may be the determinants of whether a person is naturally predisposed to depression.
According to David Mohr, Ph.d., co-lead author of the study, identifying if people are susceptible to recurring depression allows the early monitoring and intervention for these individuals.
Dr. Redei believes that their research findings, which can lead to more objective diagnoses of depression, can help erase the stigma against the psychiatric disorder. It helps people understand that depression is an illness that can be confirmed with something like a blood test, just like any other physical ailment, and is not a "matter of will", she said.
